关于义务教育教师法律身份的经济学思考——基于新制度经济学的分析视角

The Economics of Teacher's Law Identity in the Compulsory Education Schools

教师法律身份的本质是为了保证教育服务交易有效进行而从根本上确立的教师与其它交易主体之间关系的契约身份,因而对于教育实践影响重大。义务教育的外部性和教师人力资本的高度专用性及其个人占有的天然性等特性决定了义务教育交易的特殊性及其教师的职业特征。基于此,义务教育教师的法律身份不能简单地定为公务员或者雇员,而只能定为公务雇员,否则不能同时兼顾和充分体现其职业的公务性和专业性特征。

The essence of teacher＇s law identity is a contractual identity for promising the education service bargain trades to carrying on effectively. The exterior of the compulsory education and the high appropriation of the teacher＇ s manpower capital decide the characteristics of the compulsory education contraction and the teacher occupation. According to this, the law identity of compulsory education teachers should not be public official or the employee, but be public official employee.