不同饲料蛋白水平下斑节对虾家系生长和存活的比较研究

Effects of dietary protein levels on the growth and survival of Penaeus monodon from different families

研究了蛋白含量为34%、38%、42%的3种饲料对16个斑节对虾家系生长的影响。试验结果表明,饲料中的蛋白水平影响家系的生长和成活率,除14号和15号家系的特定生长率在38%组和42%组近似外,其它家系的特定生长率均为34%组<38%组<42%组。11个家系在38%蛋白饲料组的成活率最高,5个家系在34%蛋白饲料组的成活率最高,4个家系在42%蛋白饲料组的成活率最高。16个家系间的生长差异随着饲料蛋白水平提高而缩小,表明斑节对虾在低蛋白水平饲料下显现出生长遗传效应的显著差异。研究发现父母本均来源于非洲的10号家系特定生长率最高,父母本来自同一地区的部分家系在不同蛋白饲料组内和组间生长存在显著差异。实验结果为通过家系选育筛选适应低蛋白水平饲料的快速品系提供了依据。

Effects of dietary protein levels （34%, 38%, 42% ） on the growth and survival of Penaeus monodon from 16 families were studied under laboratory conditions. The growth and survival of Penaeus rnonodon were significantly affected by the dietary protein levels. Except for shrimp from F14 family and F15 family, the specific growth ＇rate （SGR） of Penaeus rnonodon increased with the increasing of dietary protein levels. A total of 11 families achieved the highest survival rate when the dietary protein level was 38%, and 5 families achieved the highest survival rate when the dietary protein level was 34%, while only 4 families achieved the highest survival rate when the dietary protein level was 42%. As the dietary protein level increased, the growth differences of the sixteen families reduced, and this may indicate that the genetic effects of shrimps in terms of growth can be revealed under lower dietary protein level. By comparing the parental source of the families, we found that Family 10 whose parents were from Africa achieved the highest SGR. Significant differences were found within the same group and among different protein level groups among those families whose parents were from the same region. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to get highly performed Penaeus monodon families whose dietary protein requirement was low via family selection program.