C3D测深侧扫声呐系统在人工鱼礁建设中的应用

The application of C3D bathymetry side scan sonar system in artificial reef construction

长期以来将多波束测深数据和侧扫声呐图像进行融合叠加,一直是水下测绘领域的研究难题,而美国Benthos公司近年推出的C3D测深侧扫声呐系统,采用了多阵列换能器,CAATI专利算法,可同步获得高分辨率的侧扫图像和高质量的测深数据。本文着重研究:(1)在鱼礁区的设计阶段,C3D系统提供三维的水下地形、等深线等数据,进行三维可视化的鱼礁礁址的选择和布设方案设计;提供高分辨率的水下地貌图像,进行海底地质的分类,也可直观判断水下的各种地貌和障碍物等。(2)在鱼礁施工阶段,利用C3D水下图像对鱼礁的位置和状态进行评估,改进投放方法和工艺,确保设计方案的实施到位。(3)在鱼礁竣工后的监测阶段,利用不同时期的C3D高分辨率图像及水深数据进行比对,以判断鱼礁区的地形地貌变化,鱼礁的稳定性、掩埋损坏等情况。实验表明,C3D是一款性能优越的水下声呐探测系统,可为人工鱼礁方案设计提供详细的海底地形和底质信息,可对人工鱼礁建设的过程和结果进行科学的评估,将为各地人工鱼礁工程的顺利实施和效果保障发挥重要作用。

The teledyne benthos C3D bathymetry side scan sonar system is a pioneer and innovator designed to serve marine surveys. C3D is a fully integrated sonar system that acquires high resolution side scan sonar imagery plus high resolution wide swath bathymetry to produce an accurate 3D map of the ocean floor in shallow water surveys. The C3D is a phase - differencing bathymetric sonar that uses the CAATI （ Computed Angle of Arrival Transient Imaging） Algorithm to solve for multiple angles of arrival to achieve a 10 times water depth swath （for bathymetry） of high resolution （vertical 5 cm） bathymetry and imagery （horizontal 10 cm）. Firstly, the basic principle, composition, performance, advantages and application of C3D System were introduced in this paper. Then, the C3D surveying system was designed and applied in artificial reef construction for the first time in China. In design, construction and monitoring phases of artificial reef, the C3 D surveying system could provide high accuracy bathymetry data, high resolution submarine geomorphology imagery, depth contour, seabed grade, location and conditions of artificial reef, etc.. These information were the necessary data for artificial reef construction successfully. The tests proved the C3D is a superior performance underwater survey system which could be successfully used in various phases of artificial reef construction and guarantee the construction effect.