ABS树脂拉伸性能及形变机理的研究

Investigation of Tensile Property of ABS Resin and Its Toughening Mechanism

研究了丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)树脂在不同温度和不同拉伸速率时的拉伸行为以及物理老化对其拉伸行为的影响。结果表明,屈服强度随测试温度的升高而下降,断裂伸长率并不随着测试温度的升高而提高,直到测试温度升高到接近ABS树脂塑料相的玻璃化转变温度时,断裂伸长率才显著提高;断裂伸长率随拉伸速率的增加而降低,在不同的拉伸速率下,ABS的形变区内均可观察到银纹现象;在较高的拉伸速率下,形成的银纹数量较多,但银纹较短,银纹的扩展得到了有效抑制;ABS树脂经物理老化后断裂伸长率明显降低,银纹数量增加并出现了空洞成串现象。

The effect of test temperature, tensile rate and aging time on the tensile properties and deformation mechanism of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene （ABS） resin was investigated by tensile test and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The results showed that the yield stress decreased with the increase of the test temperature. The elongation at break of ABS resin was difficult to improve below the glass transition temperature of the high temperature zone, which was closely related to the property of its SAN matrix. The elongation at break decreased with the increase of the tensile rate. The crazing could be observed in all the samples obtained at different tensile rates, and the number of crazing increased with tensile rate. Furthermore, the propagation of crazing could be suppressed effectively in the sample under high tensile rate. The elongation at break of ABS resin significantly decreased after physical aging,. The number of crazing increased with increasing physical aging time, and the cavity rubber particles arranged in a line could be observed.