革命、政治和先锋派——论中国当代先锋主义文学思潮的转向

Revolution,Politics and the Avant-Garde——On the Turn of Chinese Contemporary Literary Thought of Avant-Garde

自20世纪90年代以后,特别是进入2000年以后,中国当代先锋主义文学思潮研究中出现了一个明显的转向,即用"革命性"、"政治性"来阐释文学的先锋性。这个转向值得注意,它不但关系到对先锋派文学的理解,也关系到对整个20世纪中国文学作品的再评价问题,甚至还关系到文学如何发展的问题。在西方20世纪的文学传统中,由于有一个强大的艺术传统在暗中发挥作用,所以即使有些文学流派向政治敞开了心怀,也依旧改变不了文学的总体流向。但在中国政治性原本就大于文学性的文学语境中,如果完全用先锋派中的革命性、政治性来取代了先锋派中的艺术自律性的话,就会使当代文学重新成为政治、革命的附庸。

Since 1990s,particularly in the 21st century,the Chinese literary thought of avant-garde has experienced a new remarkable turn,namely, to interpret the avant-gardeness of literature in the view of ＂revolutionariness＂and ＂politicalness＂. This turn is worth noticing, because it concerns with the re-evaluation of the Chinese literature in the 20th century, even with the issue of development of the Chinese literature. In western literature tradition,due to the literary tradition that exerts its influence in an obscure way,the literature as a whole does not turn to the otherwise, even though some of the literary schools embrace politics. However, in a context in which the ＂politicalness＂is more important than the ＂literariness＂, the contemporary Chinese literature will again fall into a position of dependency of politics and revolution, if tbe＂revolutionariness＂and＂politicalness＂completely replace literary autonomy.