中国七省农村地区1～7岁儿童饮食行为及其与生长发育的关系

Relationship between dietary behaviors and growth-development of 1-7 years old children from seven provinces in Chinese rural areas

目的了解我国农村地区1～7岁儿童饮食行为及其与生长发育的关系,为儿童饮食行为干预提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样选择13692名1～7岁农村儿童,对其进行问卷调查和体格测量;采用χ2检验,多因素非条件logistic回归分析等方法分析饮食行为与生长发育的关系。结果在被调查者中,53.1%偶尔或从不饮牛奶/豆奶,48.1%几乎每天吃零食,22.5%挑食,7.3%偶尔或从不吃早餐,1.9%不能按时就餐。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示:偶尔或从不吃早餐、偶尔或从不饮牛奶/豆奶、偶尔或从不吃零食与儿童生长迟缓有关;偶尔或从不吃早餐、偶尔或从不吃零食与儿童低体重有关;消瘦和超重/肥胖与饮食行为没有关联。结论农村地区儿童不良饮食行为发生率较高,且不良饮食行为与儿童生长迟缓、低体重等有关。

Objective To explore the status of dietary behaviors of 1-7 years old children and its relationship with growth-development in Chinese rural areas and to provide scientific evidences for corresponding intervention.Methods 13 692 1-7 years old children from seven provinces in Chinese rural areas were randomly identified by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling.The ascertainment methods included face to face questionnaires and anthropometric measurements.Chi-square test and non-conditional logistic regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between dietary behaviors and growth-development.Results Among the respondents,53.1% occasionally/never drank milk/soymilk,48.1% ate snacks almost everyday,22.5% were picky eaters,7.3% were breakfast-skippers,1.9% couldn＇t dine on time.Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that occasionally/never have breakfast,occasionally/never drink milk or soymilk,occasionally/never eat snacks were associated with stunting.Occasionally/never have breakfast or eat snacks were associated with underweight.The five dietary behaviors were not associated with wasting,overweight and obesity in our study.Conclusion The incidence of children＇s poor dietary behaviors was relatively high in Chinese rural areas,which had a close association with children stunting and underweight.