山东省海阳市居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病危险因素及诊治现状调查

Current status in the prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in residents of Haiyang Shandong province

目的了解山东省海阳市居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstractiue pulmonary disease,COPD）患病情况及诊治现状。方法（1）患病情况调查：在山东省海阳市沿海乡镇采用自然村随机整群抽样方法，对年龄〉／40岁的人群进行问卷调查和肺功能检测；（2）COPD诊治现状调查：采用问卷调查方式，采用数字表法随机调查海阳市沿海乡镇所辖49家新型农村合作医疗卫生服务站，每个站随机抽取2～3名医生，共144名医生接受问卷调查。结果（1）患病情况：有效调查人数1409人，COPD患病率11．28％，男、女患病率分别为14．31％、8．37％；主要危险因素为年龄、吸烟、燃料暴露及海洋气候。（2）COPD诊治现状调查表明，新型农村合作医疗医生了解COPD防治指南的占9．03％，了解COPD疾病特征的占15．28％，了解肺功能检查为诊断金标准的医师占22．22％，了解吸烟是该病的重要诱因者占50．69％，劝患者戒烟者占68．06％，对患者进行登记并教育的占31．94％，应用流感疫苗的占34．03％，知道长期氧疗作用的占7．64％。结论山东省海阳市居民COPD患病率高，该市新型农村合作医疗医生对COPD诊治知识掌握较少，需要加强COPD防治及农村合作医疗医生专项培训。

Objective To investigate the current status in the prevalence, prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （ COPD ） in residents of Haiyang, shandong province. Methods （ 1 ） Survey of the disease ： a modified standardized questionnaire was made in a population of a certain town of the coastal area with an age range 1〉40 years old, by using cluster sampling method, and pulmonary function of the subjects were measured. （2） Current status of diagnosis and treatment of COPD： a general survey was made by using questionnaire on the rural cooperative medical service stations of 49 village and township enterprises of Haiyang. Two to three medical personnel were randomly selected from each station for the questionnaire, totaling 144 doctors. Results （ 1 ） Survey on morbidity： the valid number of doctors participating in the survey was 1409, and the average COPD morbidity rate was 11. 28% , with morbidity rate for the male being 14.31% and that for the female being 8.37%. Main risk factors were age, smoking, fuel exposure and marine climate. （2） The COPD survey results indicated： the number of doctors who knew ＂the COPD Prevention and Treatment Guide＂ accounted for 9.03% ; the number of doctors who knew the features of the disease accounted for 15.28% ; 22.22% doctors knew that pulmonary function test was the gold standard for the diagnosis of the disease; 50.6＂9% doctors knew that smoking was an important risk factor for the disease; 68.06% doctors advised patients to quit smoking; 31.94% patients were educated on the disease and asked to be registered; 34.09% patients were prescribed with flu vaccine and only 7.64% doctors knew the long-term effects of oxygen therapy. Conclusions The morbidity rate of COPD among the local residents of Haiyang was high, but regrettably, the knowledge and treatment of the disease among doctors of rural cooperative medical service stations of the city was rather poor. For this reason, the prevention and treatment of the disease should be enhanced.