响应面设计法优化川贝母茎和叶中总生物碱的提取工艺

Optimization of Extraction Process for Total Alkaloids from Stems and Leaves of Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don by Response Surface Methodology

目的:对川贝母地上部分的总生物碱的提取工艺进行优化。方法:在单因素试验的基础上,筛选出具有显著效应的四因素进行响应面设计试验,以总生物碱得率为响应值进行响应面分析,优化总碱的提取工艺参数。结果:川贝母地上部分的最佳提取工艺为氨水浸泡时间4h、提取时间6.5h、液料比31:1、提取温度74℃,此条件下,人工种植川贝母茎中总碱的含量为2.785mg/g。结论:野生川贝母茎、叶中的总生物碱含量明显高于人工种植,野生川贝母叶中的总碱含量最高,为4.998mg/g。此方法可靠,提取率高,适于川贝母茎和叶的总碱提取。

The extraction of total alkaloids from aboveground parts（stems and leaves） of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don was optimized.One-factor-at-a-time design was employed to identify four main process parameters.The selected variables were optimized by response surface analysis based on the extraction yield of total alkaloids.The optimal extraction parameters were soaking in aqueous ammonia for 4 h and subsequent extraction at 74 ℃ for 6.5 h with a solvent-to-material ratio 31：1.The extraction yield of total alkaloids obtained under these conditions was 2.785 mg/g.Furthermore,the content of total alkaloids in stems and leaves of wild Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don was much higher than in those of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don.Leaves of wild Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don had the highest total alkaloid content of 4.998 mg/g.The described method is reliable,highly effective and suitable for the extraction of total alkaloids from stems and leaves of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don.