气调对豇豆贮藏期效果的影响

Effect of Controlled Atmosphere on Quality of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)) during Storage

以豇豆为试材,研究气调处理(CA)对豇豆贮藏效果的影响。分别采用气调贮藏(气体成分:3%O2+1%CO2+96%N2;温度:(9.0±0.5)℃)和冷藏(温度(9.0±0.5)℃)两种保鲜方式,测定和分析贮藏过程中品质和生理指标的变化。结果表明,气调可以降低质量损失率、腐烂率和纤维素的积累,保持较高的还原糖和叶绿素含量;抑制豇豆的呼吸强度(RI),减少超氧阴离子(O-2.)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)的积累。贮藏30d后,气调和冷藏的豇豆质量损失率和腐烂率分别为2.11%和4.21%,5.33%和24.67%;同时还原糖、叶绿素和纤维素的含量分别为10.29mg/g和8.65mg/g、0.078mg/g和0.067mg/g、20.71mg/g和22.58mg/g。气调有利于豇豆贮藏期品质的保持。

In order to investigate the effect of controlled atmosphere（CA） on cowpea during storage,two different storage conditions were selected： one was controlled atmosphere storage（gas components： 3% O2＋ 1% CO2＋ 96% N2;temperature： 9.0 ℃ ± 0.5 ℃）;the other was cold storage（gas components： air;temperature： 9.0 ℃ ± 0.5 ℃）.The results showed that CA could effectively reduce weight loss,rotting rate and accumulation of cellulose,and could maintain higher contents of reducing sugar and chlorophyll of cowpea during storage.Meanwhile,CA could inhibit the respiration intensity,resulting in lower accumulation of superoxide anion（O-2.）,hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） and malondialdehyde（MDA）.After 30 days,the weight loss and rotting rate of cowpea using controlled atmosphere storage or cold storage were 2.11% and 4.21%,5.33% and 24.67% respectively;while the contents of reducing sugar,chlorophyll and cellulose were 10.29 mg/g and 8.65 mg/g,0.078 mg/g and 0.067 mg/g,20.71 mg/g and 22.58 mg/g,respectively.CA is a good method for maintaining the quality of cowpea during storage.