免疫健全者播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病一例及文献复习

Disseminated Penicillium Marneffei Infection in Immunocompetent Patients:One Case Report and Literature Review

目的总结播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病的特征,以提高临床医生对播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病的认识。方法通过对1例非免疫受损者播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病例的临床、影像学及细菌学分析,并复习播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病的相关文献,从而总结其特征。结果患者男性,32岁,广东人,以发热、咳嗽及肺部、气道黏膜、皮下等多系统结节病变或脓性包块为主要临床表现;实验室检查显示血常规白细胞明显升高,心、肝、肾多脏器损害;曾多次包块活检显示炎症表现,但脓肿分泌物培养阴性;广谱抗生素治疗无效。纤维支气管镜下见气道黏膜灰白色结节,最后在细菌学专家床边指导下皮下肿块脓性分泌物真菌培养及纤维支气管镜深部痰真菌培养确诊马尔尼菲青霉菌病。结论播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病可发生于免疫功能正常患者,对于用结缔组织病及普通化脓性感染等无法解释的多系统损害、多发化脓性皮下包块,又有南方流行区生活史的患者,应警惕马尔尼菲青霉菌感染,并尽早确诊和治疗。

Objective To summarize the characteristics of disseminated PeniciUium marneffei infection. Methods The clinical, imageological and bacteriological characteristics were summarized by reviewing one case of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection in an immunocompetent patient diagnosed in our hospital and the related literatures. Results The patient was a 32-year-old Guangdong male, whose main clinical features were fever, cough, and the abscess of pulmonary, tracheomucosa and subcutaneous. Routine blood examination showed [eukocytosis. Other laboratory examination revealed multiple lesions of heart, liver, and kidney. Multiple masses histopathology revealed inflammation, but the culture from the purulent exudates were negative and standard antibiotic therapy was useless. Bronchoscope revealed gray nodus on airway mucosa. Under the direction of bacteriologist, final diagnosis of Penicillium marneffei infection was obtained by the fungal culture from the purulent exudates and the deep sputum. Conclusions Penicillium marneffei can infect immunocompetent patients. Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection should be considered when patients presented with multiple organ lesions and multiple subcutaneous pyogenic masses which can not explained by connective tissue disease or common pyogenic infection, and with epidemiology of southeast life history.