IT行业视屏作业人员眼疾患病情况及影响因素

The prevalence and influencing factors of eye diseases for IT industry video operation workers

目的调查IT行业视屏作业人员视屏接触情况和眼疾患病情况，分析影响因素，为制定保护视屏作业人员的眼健康策略提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法抽取江苏省某市IT行业视屏作业人员190人，通过问卷调查和眼科健康检查分析视屏接触与眼部疾病的关系。结果视屏作业人员每工作日视屏接触时间为6．0～16．0h，平均（10．1±1．8）h；调查者中有151人（79．5％）佩戴近视镜眼镜；35．8％的人视屏作业过程中会定时休息；14．2％的人眼部不适时会使用防护产品。104例视屏作业者（54．7％）双眼泪膜破裂时间检查（BUT）检查结果均正常（≥10S），86例（45．3％）至少有1只眼睛BUT不正常（〈10S）；110例（57．9％）泪液分泌试验（SIT）检查结果正常（≥10mm），80例（42．1％）至少有1只眼睛不正常（〈10mm）。广义线性模型分析表明，平均每日视频接触时间、眼睛与显示器距离、休息频率、眼部不适时是否使用眼部防护用品、显示器类型和每日看电视时问6项因素对视力有影响（P〈0．05）。是否定时休息、性别、角膜透明情况、瞳孔形状、父亲远视史和不适时是否使用防护用品6项影响因素对BUT结果有影响（P〈0．05）。计算机类型、性别、瞳孔形状、品状体透明情况、显示屏一视线角度，显示器类型和操作台高度7项凶素对SIT结果的影响有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论IT行业视屏作业人员眼健康状况不容乐观，防护意识不足；需针对其影响因素加强宣教力度，提高该行业的眼病防治水平。

Objective To investigate the situation of video-contact and eye diseases for IT industry video operation workers, and to analyze the influencing factors, providing scientific evidence for the make of health-strategy for IT industry video operation workers. Methods We take the random cluster sampling method to choose 190 IT induswy video operation workers in a city of Jiangsu province, analyzing the relations between video contact and eye diseases. Results The daily video contact time of IT industry video operation workers is 6.0-1 6.0 horn＇s, whose mean value is （ 10.1±1.8 ） hours. 79.5% of workers in this survey wear myopic lens, 35.8% of workers have a rest during their working, and 14.2% of IT workers use protective products when they feel unwell of their eyes. Following the BUT experiment, 54.7% of IT workers have the normal examine results of binoculus, while 45.3% have the abnormal results of at least one eye. Simultaneously, 54.7% workers have the normal examine results of binoculus in the SIT experiment, however, 42.1% workers are abnormal. According to the broad linear model, there are six influencing factors （daily mean time to video, distance between eye and displayer, the frequency of rest, whether to use protective products when they feel unwell of their eyes, the type of displayer and daily time watching TV.） have significant influence on vision, having statistical significanee. At the same time, there are also six influencing factors （whether have a rest regularly, sex, the situation of diaphaneity for cornea, the shape of pupil, family history and whether to use protective products when they feel unwell of their eyes.） have significant influence on the results of BUT experiment, having statistical significance. However, there are seven influencing factors （the type of computer, sex, the shape of pupil, the situation of diaphaneity for cornea, the angle between displayer and workers＇ sight, the type of displayer and the height of operating floor.） have significant influence on the results of SIT experiment, having statistical significance. Conclusions The health-situation of IT industry video operation workers＇ eye is not optimistic, most of workers are lack of protection awareness; we need to strengthen propaganda and education according to its influencing factors and to improve the level of medical control and prevention for eye diseases in relevant industries.