神圣与世俗:宗教圣地旅游度假区定位的一个悖论——以福建莆田湄洲岛为例

The Sacred and the Profane : A Paradox about Positioning Religious Sites as Tourism Resorts——A Case Study of Meizhou Island,Putiian,China

以妈祖朝圣地——福建莆田湄洲岛为案例地,通过问卷调查、参与观察和深度访谈等方法,比较了朝圣与度假、朝圣地与度假地等概念的内涵及其本质区别,考察了湄洲岛旅游者行为特征及其地方感知差异。研究结果表明:妈祖朝圣地的朝圣旅游者多为专程朝圣、祭拜而来,并无旅游度假的需求和目的,将具有世界性影响的妈祖圣地定位为旅游度假区显然是一个悖论。因此,本案例对国内宗教圣地旅游发展定位具有一定的参考价值。

This paper takes the example of Mazoo pilgrimage site--Meizhou Island in Putian City, through some methods such as the questionnaire ,observation and deep interviews, compares the differences between connotation and nature of the pilgrimage and vacation, as well as pilgrimage site and resort, and investigates the characteristics of tourists behavior and differences of their＇s place perception. The findings show that pilgrims usually go to Mazoo Holy Land for a special pilgrimage and worship without needs and objectives for tourism holidays. So we can conclude that it is a paradox to locate Mazoo pilgrimage site with a worldwide influence as a tourism resort. Consequently, this case will have certain reference values to location of domestic tourism develop ment for religious sites.