不同发育阶段猪血液指标变化规律与品种差异

Variation and breed differences of physiological and biochemical indexes of swine blood in different developmental stages

为了对3个不同遗传背景猪种的哺乳期与成熟期的血液指标进行检测和比较,分析它们的变化规律与品种差异,试验选择相同环境下的哺乳期(1月龄)与成熟期(7月龄)健康猪104头(分别为41头中国实验小型猪、38头军牧1号白猪、25头杜洛克猪),从前腔静脉或耳静脉采血检测28项指标,所测数据用SAS9.2统计软件中的一般线性模型进行方差分析。结果表明:大部分血液生理生化指标会受到发育阶段、品种以及二者互作因素的影响,发育阶段对血液生理生化指标影响最大,品种与阶段互作、品种以及性别的影响依次减弱;红细胞(RBC)数量、血红蛋白(Hb)含量、血细胞比容(HCT)在猪种间的差异可能与猪的行为学特点相关;肌酐(CREA)、三酰甘油(TG)和血清总胆固醇(CHOL)与猪瘦肉含量以及脂肪率有关。

To compare the detection of the blood physiological and biochemical indexes in lactation and mature stages for pigs from three different genetic backgrounds, 104 healthy pigs in lactation （ at one - month old） and mature stages （ at seven - month old ） were selected under the same environment, including 41 Chinese experimental miniature pigs, 38 Junmu No. 1 white pigs, and 25 Duroc, and then anterior vena cava or ear vein blood samples were collected to analyze 28 blood indexes. A general linear model analysis of variance was used to analyze the measured data using SAS9.2 statistical software. The results showed that most of the blood physiological and biochemical indexes were affected by developmental stages, breeds, and the interactions of them. The developmental stages had the greatest impact on blood physiological and biochemical indexes, followed by the interactions of breeds and developmental stages, breeds and gender. The differences between breeds on the levels of red blood cell （RBC） count, hemoglobin （Hb） content, and hematocrit （HCT） might he related to the behavioral characteristics of pigs, and creatinine （CREA）, triglyceride （TG）, and total serum cholesterol （CHOL） were related to the content of pig lean meat and fat percentage.