戴维森意义理论的语用学转向

The Pragmatic Turn of Davidson's Theory of Meaning

戴维森在20世纪90年代提出三角测量理论,以此取代了他在70年代建立的真理理论语义学,这体现了戴维森在意义观和语言观上发生了巨大转变。真理理论语义学本身的缺陷促使戴维森对意义理论的一些基本主张和原则作了如下修正:1)意义整体论的弱化;2)真理观的转变。这导致戴维森构建新的意义理论,即三角测量理论。这些在基本观点和基本原则上的变化揭示了戴维森思想转变的逻辑线索,并且证明戴维森的意义理论发生了从语义学观点向语用学观点的转向,即语用学转向。

In his academic career, Davidson established two different theories of meaning, that is, the truth - theoret- ic semantics established in 1970s, and the triangulation theory raised in 1990s. The differences between the two the- ories show the different way of constructing theory of meaning and illustrate that it happened to be a notable turn on the views of meaning and language . The defects of truth - theoretic semantics spur Davidson to revise some basic viewpoints and principles as following： 1 ） reduction of integrality of meaning;2 ） transformation of the view of truth. These theoretical changes lead Davidson to build a new theory of meaning, and uncover the logical clues of the turn on Davidson＇ s theory of meaning and prove that this is a turn from the semantic view to the pragmatic one.