茶树根系内生真菌与根际土壤真菌的季节多样性分析

Diversity analysis of the endophytic fungi in root and fungi in rhizosphere soil of tea plant in different seasons

从不同季节的茶树根系和根际土壤中分离得到真菌2 019株,包括茶树根系内生真菌826株、根际土壤真菌1 193株。采用分子生物学鉴定方法,对rDNA-ITS区段进行扩增及分析,共鉴定出13个属28种真菌,其中茶树根系内生真菌12种,根际土壤真菌20种。对不同季节分离得到的真菌进行多样性分析,结果表明:春、夏、秋季分离出茶树根系内生真菌种类分别为12、11、12;3个季节Shannon-Wiener多样性指数差异不明显;而均匀度指数夏季最高,秋季次之,春季最低。春、夏、秋季分离出根际土壤真菌种类分别为18、17、20;3个季节Shannon-Wiener多样性指数及均匀度指数差异均不明显。根际土壤真菌与根系内生真菌比较,春、秋两季Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数差异明显且根际土壤真菌高于根系内生真菌;夏季两者差异均不明显。

A total of 2 019 fungi were isolated from root endophyte and rhizosphere soil of tea plant（ Camellia sinensis （L.）O. Kuntze） in different seasons, including 826 endophytie fungi and 1 193 fungi in the rhizosphere soil. The amplification and analysis of rDNA-ITS sequence of the fungi revealed that a total of 28 species of 13 genera of fungi were identified ,which includes 12 species of endophytic fungi and 20 species of fungi in the rhizosphere soil. The diversity analysis result of the fungi isolated from different seasons indicated that the difference of Shannon-Wiener diversity index was insignificant among endophytie fungi from three seasons, including 12 species from spring, 11 species from summer and 12 species from autumn,while evenness index from summer was the highest, followed by autumn and spring. Species of fungi in the rhizosphere soil from spring, summer and autumn were 18,17 and 20, respectively. Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness index of fungi in the rhizosphere soil had no significant difference. Compared to the root endophytic fungi, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness index of fungi in the rhizosphere soil in spring and autumn had significant difference and were higher, but both had no significant difference in summer.