南京市学龄前儿童睡眠与行为问题的关系

Association of sleep and behavioral problems in Nanjing preschool children

目的了解南京市学龄前儿童睡眠问题（sP）及行为问题的发生情况，探讨二者之间的关系。方法用分层随机抽样调查方法从南京市2个行政区6所幼儿园中抽取3～6岁儿童1327名。儿童睡眠习惯及家庭社会特征问卷由儿童父母完成。通过Achenbach儿童行为量表（1．5-5．0岁）得到行为问题分值。通过Logistic回归模式控制潜在混杂因素分析儿童睡眠及行为问题之间的关系。结果南京市学龄前儿童sP发生率为52．68％，男童发生率（56．11％）明显高于女童（48．60％），差异有统计学意义（P=0．006）。总行为问题发生率为10．40％。SP组总行为问题及内向性、外向性行为问题的发生率及得分显著高于无睡眠问题组，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Logistic回归分析显示SP是总行为问题的显著风险因素（OR=2．08，P〈0．001）。结论南京地区学龄前儿童SP发生较为普遍。儿童SP是学龄前儿童行为问题发生的高危因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of sleep and behavioral problems in a large sample of Nanjing preschoolers, and explore the relationship between them. Methods A total of 1327 children from 6 kindergar- tens of 2 districts in Nanjing, aged 3 -6 years, were included in the study by using a stratified random sample survey method. Parents of these children completed a questionnaire including sleep habits and social characteristics of the chil- dren and their family. Behavioral problem scores were measured by the Achenbach children behavior checklist for chil- dren aged 1.5 - 5.0 years. The relationship between sleep and behavioral problems was tested using multivariate Logis- tic regression models to control for potentially confounding factors. Results Overall,52.68% of the children were found to have sleep problems. The prevalence of sleep problems in boys was 56.11%, which was significantly higher than that （48.60%） in girls （ P = 0. 006 ）. The prevalence of total behavioral problems was 10.40%. Children with sleep problems had significantly higher prevalence and scores of total behavioral problems, internalizing syndrome and externalizing syndrome compared with those of children without sleep problems, and the differences were significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In Logistic regression models, the children sleep problems were significantly contributed to total behavioral problems （OR = 2.08,P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion The children sleep problems are common and as a risk factor for be- havioral problems in Nanjing preschoolers.