紫露草花色形成的机理分析

Study on the factors of flower color development in Tradescantia albiflora

运用测色法、组织切片法、电感耦合、等离子体质谱及高效液相色谱等植物成分分析方法,对单子叶植物紫露草(Tradescantia albiflora)花色形成的化学基础进行研究。结果表明,紫露草花瓣颜色属于蓝紫色系(Violetgroup N88B);色素物质主要积累于近轴面和远轴面的表皮层,深度20～30μm,且表皮细胞呈略扁平的长方形;紫露草花瓣中Ca元素含量极丰富(5 120.89μg·g-1),其次是Mg元素(2 360.71μg·g-1);主要成色色素为矢车菊素(6.671 1mg·g-1)和飞燕草素(0.674 4mg·g-1);主要黄酮醇类物质是山奈酚(0.327 2mg·g-1)。本研究表明,紫露草蓝紫色花的形成可能与二价金属元素Ca、Mg与飞燕草色素及矢车菊色素螯合有关。

The research focused on the chemical basis for the flower colour development of Tradescantia al- hi flora. The methods of different color measurement（the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart and spectrophotometer）, observation by microscope, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） were used in this study. The results are as follows. the flower colour of Tradescantia albiflora belongs the adaxial and abaxial layers and the colored cell to the Violet group （N88B）, pigments accumulates in mass is 20--30μm in depth. The main metal ions in the violet petals were found to be Ca （5 120.89 μg . g-1）and Mg （2 360.71 μg .g-1）. The key pigments in Tradescantia albiflora petals were eyanidin （6. 671 1 mg . g-1 ） and delphinidin （0. 674 4 mg . g-1 ） , the main flavonols was Kaempferol （0. 327 2 mg . g-1 ）. The conclusion is delphinidin and eyanidin with Ca2＋ , Mg2＋ being essential for the violet flower colour development of Tradescantia albiflora.