基于几何耦合模型的多齿轮系统载荷均匀性分析

Analysis on Load-sharing Behavior of Multiple Gear System with Geometric Coupled Model

基于几何耦合模型和齿轮结构的刚度特性,建立多齿轮同步驱动内啮合齿轮系统的齿圈几何中心位移与各啮合对的位移扰动量之间映射关系;分析弯扭耦合作用引起的齿轮啮合中心距、原始啮合角以及中心线产生的偏斜角的变化特性,并给出由此而产生的附加啮合力的数学表达式.同时,以某型盾构机回转系统的多齿轮驱动系统为例,分析了弯扭耦合载荷作用下各啮合对的载荷传递的均匀性.结果表明:不同的小齿轮安装位置,使弯扭耦合载荷作用下各齿轮对的附加啮合力在变化初期呈现出正弦或余弦规律的波动,但其相位角不同步;不同的电机排布方式,使系统的总附加啮合力不同,合理布置电机位置,可有效地减少载荷不均匀性所造成的堵转或断轴事故的发生.

The mapping correlation between the displacements in the geometric center of gear and the dis- placement disturbance of every meshing gear pair is established based on geometric coupled model and stiff- ness properties of gear system. The distances between the center of gear and pinions, the meshing angular and the off-set angular of the center directions were discussed considering the lateral-torsional coupling loads. The mathematic description of additional meshing force caused by these factors was given. The load-sharing behavior was discussed for shield machine actuated by multiple pinions in which the lateral- torsional load and mounted locations of pinions are taken into account. The results show that the additional meshing force is dependent on the mounting locations of pinions. The variation of disturbance force＇s direction leads to unsynchronized sinusoidal oscillation of pressure angle and extra meshing force near their original values. The total additional force changes with the layout of pinions. The reasonable design of the locations of pinions may decrease the failure accidents resulted in by the non-uniformed load transmission of multiple pinions.