砷污染农田甜高粱对砷的累积特性

The Arsenic Accumulation Character in Sweet Sorghum on Polluted Land

以5种甜高粱品种(系)为材料,在重金属As污染的农田土壤种植甜高粱,并对甜高粱不同器官在生育前期重金属As的含量进行分析。结果表明,甜高粱在2个生育时期内的As含量表现为拔节期>苗期。土壤重金属元素进入甜高粱体内分布规律为根>茎>叶。XT-2叶片、茎部和根部对重金属As的吸收量比同一时期的其他品种多。根部As的含量为XT-2>XT-4>济甜11-8号>龙杂11号>T601。龙杂11号的苗最高(58.2cm),XT-4的苗最矮(44.9cm),龙杂11号与XT-2和XT-4的苗高差异极显著(P<0.01)。在As轻污染土壤中甜高粱生长良好,T601茎部的转运系数最高,苗期达到0.87,拔节期达到1.59。但与As超积累植物相比,其不同部位As含量及As在植物体内的迁移率均较低,说明其对As污染土壤的修复能力相对较弱。

To provide scientific data for prevention and control of the Arsenic （As） pollution in large scale by sweet sorghum, five varieties of sweet sorghum were planted on a Arsenic polluted farm land, and the As contents in different parts of the five varieties were tested in early two growing periods. Result indicated that the distribution order of As in the two periods was jointing stage〉 seedling stage. And the distribution character of As in plant organs was roots〉stem〉leaf. The As contents in leaves, stem and roots of XT 2 were the highest among the five varieties.The declining order of As contents in roots of the five varieties was XT 2〉XT 4〉Jianji 11 8〉Longza 11〉T601. The stem length of Zalong 11 was the longest, 58.2 cm, of XT 4 was the shortest, 44.9 cm. There were extremely significant differences between the stem length of Longza 11 and XT 2, XT 4 （P〈0.01）. Sweet sorghum grows well in slightly Arsenic polluted farm land, the transfer coefficient of T601 stem is the highest, it is 0.87 in seedling stage and 1.59 in jointing stage. Compare to the hyperaccumulator, moving rate of As in different parts of sweet sorghum is lower, so the soil pollution healing capacity of sweet sorghum is relatively low.