北京市7～14岁儿童青少年身体活动能量消耗状况

Energy expenditure of physical activity among adolescents aged 7-14 years

目的了解儿童青少年身体活动能量消耗特点及肥胖和体重正常儿童青少年能量代谢的差异,为制定合理运动指导方案提供科学依据。方法使用Cortex便携式气体代谢仪,对从北京市某九年一贯制学校抽取的61名7～14岁儿童静息、写作业、慢走、慢跑进行能量消耗测定,根据性别和是否肥胖分为4组进行测试结果比较。结果 7～14岁体重正常男生、体重正常女生、肥胖男生和肥胖女生的静息能量消耗分别为(1.29±0.22),(1.23±0.14),(1.56±0.32),(1.26±0.24)kcal/min(1 kcal=4.18 kJ),肥胖男生高于体重正常男生和肥胖女生(P<0.05)。肥胖男生写作业、慢走和慢跑的能量消耗均高于体重正常男生,肥胖和体重正常女生差异均无统计学意义。结论肥胖和体重正常儿童青少年身体活动能量消耗存在差异。肥胖干预工作应注重减轻课业负担,鼓励儿童多进行慢跑等能量消耗较高的运动。

Objective To determine energy expenditure （EE） of physical activity among adolescents, and to compare differences of energy metabolism between obese and normal-weight adolescents. Methods Resting and physical activity （ PA ） （doing homework, walking and jogging} related energy expenditure was measured with Cortex portable gas metabolism system in 61 adolescents aged 7 to 14 years. Results Resting energy expenditure （ REE ） of normal-weight boys and girls, obese boys and girls were （1.29±0.22） kcal/min, （1.23±0.14） kcaL/min（1 kcal=4. 18 kJ）, （1.56±0.32）kcal/min and （1.26±0.24） kcal/ rain, respectively. REE was significantly higher in obese boys than in normal-weight boys （ P〈0.05 ）. PA related EE in obese boys were significantly higher than those in normal-weight boys, while there were no significant differences between obese and normal- weight girls. EE of doing homework was approximately equal to REE, which could be classified as low intensity activity. EE of walking were about 2 to 3 times as high as REE, which could be classified as low intensity activity for normal-weight group but mod- erate intensity activity for obese group. Comparatively, jogging consumed more energy and could be classified as moderate intensity activity. Conclusion There are differences in EE of same PA between obese and normal-weight adolescents. Reducing homework related sedentary time and more moderate-to-high intensity PA should be encouraged for obesity prevention among adolescents.