2004—2011年海南省碘盐监测结果分析

An analysis of monitoring results on iodized salt in Hainan Province from 2004 to 2011

目的了解2004—2011年海南省居民碘盐食用情况，为碘缺乏病防治提供科学依据。方法采用资料回顾性方法，收集2004—2011年海南省碘盐监测资料，在省级、市（县）级水平上和地理（沿海、平原、山区）分布上分析居民碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率。合格碘盐判定标准：盐碘含量为（35±15）mg／kg；不合格碘盐判定标准：盐碘含量在5-〈20mg／kg或〉50mg／kg；非碘盐判定标准：盐碘含量〈5mg／kg。结果在省级水平上，海南省居民盐碘中位数在2004年为30．25mg／kg，2011年为32．14mg／kg；碘盐覆盖率从2004年的77．81％（4780／6143）提高到2011年的96．06％（5890／6132）；碘盐合格率从2004年的90．48％（4325／4780）提高到2011年的98．72％（5815／5890）；合格碘盐食用率从2004年的70．41％（4325／6143）提高到2011年的94．83％（5815／6132）；碘盐变异系数从2004年的64．75％降低为2011年的23．30％。在市（县）水平上，居民碘盐覆盖率在90．00％以上的市（县）从2004年的44．45％（8／18）提高到2011年的88．89％（16／18）；碘盐合格率在95．00％以上的市（县）从2004年的16．67％（3／18）提高到2011年的100．00％（18／18）；合格碘盐食用率在90．oo％以上的市（县）从2004年的22．22％（4／18）提高到2011年的88．89％（16／18）。沿海、平原乡（镇）的碘盐覆盖率分别从2004年的70．55％（1440／2041）、75．36％（1762／2338）提高到2011年的95．02％（1869／1967）、96．24％（2331／2422），山区乡（镇）碘盐覆盖率8年来维持在89．46％（1578／1764）-97．46％（1690／1734）。2011年海南省碘盐覆盖率低于90％的市（县）有2个，沿海、平原乡（镇）分别有9个和4个。结论海南省居民合格碘盐食用率不断提高，但部分沿海及平原乡（镇）非碘盐问题仍较为严重，应加大沿海及其平原乡（镇）碘缺乏病的综合干预工作。

Objective To study the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt at household level based on the salt surveillance results from 2004 to 2011, and to provide a scientific basis for setting up appropriate control strategies to iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Iodized salt monitoring results in Hainan Province from 2004 to 2011 were collected with retrospective method. Coverage rate of iodized salt, qualified rate of iodized salt and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were calculated at the provincial, city （county） levels and on geographic distribution （coastal, plains and mountains）. Qualified iodized salt criteria was set as （35 ± 15）mg/kg, unqualified iodized salt criteria was set as 5 to 〈 20 mg/kg or 〉 50 mg/kg, and Criteria of non-iodized salt was set as 〈 5 mg/kg. Results From 2004 to 2011, at provincial level, the median of iodized salt was raised from 30.25 mg/kg to 32.14 mg/kg; the iodized salt coverage rate, the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was raised from 77.81% （4780/6143） to 96.06% （5890/6132）, 90.48% （4325/4780） to 98.72%（5815/5890）, and 70.41%（4325/6143） to 94.83%（5815/6132）, respectively. From 2004 to 2011, at city （county） level, the proportion of iodized salt coverage rate that higher than 90.00%, of qualified rate of iodized salt that higher than 95.00% and of consumption rate of qualified iodized salt that higher than 90.00% was raised from 44.45%（8/18） to 88.89%（16/18）, 16.67%（3/18） to 100.00%（18/18）, and 22.22%（4/19） to 88.89%（16/18）, respectively. The iodized salt coverage rate in the coastal and plain townships was raised from 70.55%（ 1440/2041 ）to 95.02% （1869/1967）, and 75.36% （1762/2338） to 96.24% （2331/2422）, respectively. The iodized salt coverage rate in mountainous townships maintained at 89.46% （1578/1764） - 97.46% （1690/1734） in the 8 years. There were 2 counties where the iodized salt coverage rate was less than 90%. There were 9 and 4 townships, where the iodized salt coverage rate was less than 90% in coastal and plain townships, respectively, in 2011. Conclusions The rate of qualified iodized salt has been raised in Hainan Province, but part of coastal and plain townships （towns） are still serious in non-iodized salt problem. Comprehensive intervention on iodine deficiency disorders should be strengthened in these areas.