马胃蝇蛆病造成马体损伤性研究

The Injury Caused by Myiasis of Gasterophilus in Horse

本研究采用尸检方式探究马胃蝇寄生对马体所造成的伤害。结果发现,马胃蝇幼虫在马体内的寄生部位是随着虫龄的增加逐渐向消化道末端移动,直至幼虫发育成熟排出体外,没有明显的逆向移动现象;虫态期最长的3龄幼虫(L3)在寄生部位选择上存在着种间差异性,黑角胃蝇和鼻胃蝇在幽门口外的十二指肠前端,黑腹胃蝇和红尾胃蝇寄生于胃部;马科动物个体感染马胃蝇的数量与被检马匹的年龄(P=0.320)和性别(P=0.665)没有必然联系;马胃蝇蛆病在当地马科动物间普遍发生,胃部损伤面积达60%～80%,其中,野马感染马胃蝇数量最高,其次是野驴和家马。研究结果有助于加深对胃蝇属昆虫危害的认识及再引入野马健康状况的掌握,对于野马保护意识的加强以及强化后续监管工作提供了强有力的支持。

The objective of the study was to verify the migration routes in the horse body about Gasterophilus and describe the damage caused by its parasitic via autopsy examination.The results showed that with the growth of age,larvas gradually migrate towards the end of the digestive tract,and no inverse movements were found.The longest stage of third instars were selective in the parasitic locations,and G.nigricornis and G.nasalis were located in the anterior duodenum,while G.pecorum and G.haemovrhoidalis are in stomach.Study of individuals infected by Gasterophilus proverd an absence of relationship between quantity of Gasterophilus larvas and age（P=0.320） or gender（P=0.665） of the horses.Myiasis was prominent among local equid animals.Wild horses had the highest infection rate,which followed by wild donkeys and domestic horses.A damage of 60% to 80% on total surface area in stomach was found.The results helped to better understand of the harm caused by Gasterophilus and strongly supported the follow-up monitoring and protection on Przewalski horses.