中国部分野生百合自交和组内及组间杂交亲和性研究

Study on Self-and Cross-compatibility within Sinomartagon Section and Intersectional Wild Lilies in China

以百合属(Lilium)4个组13种野生百合为试验材料,配置80个杂交组合,分析中国野生百合自交、组内及组间杂交的亲和性。采用延迟授粉和切割柱头两种授粉方式和胚拯救技术,以克服受精前、后的障碍,提高育种效率。结果显示:百合自交亲和性存在一定差异,大花卷丹(L.leichtlinii)和兰州百合(L.davidi‘unicdor cotton’)自交不亲和;卷瓣组组内杂交在所配置的杂交组合中,仅有3个组合[垂花百合(L.cernuum)×细叶百合(L.pumi-lum)、兰州百合×垂花百合以及兰州百合×大花卷丹]通过延迟授粉获得杂交胚,并通过组培获得杂交苗;卷瓣组与钟花组组间杂交亲和性较好。研究表明,对于大多数的杂交组合,延迟授粉比切割柱头对克服受精前障碍有效;而对于绝大多数的自交和杂交组合,组培能有效克服受精后障碍,并获得子一代苗。

13 species belonging to 4 sections of the genus Lilium were crossed in 80 different cross combinations,their self-and cross-compatibility were studied.In order to overcome pre-and postfertilization barriers,2 different pollination methods and embryo rescue technique were used.The results indicated that self-compatibility of wild lilies was different,self-incompatibility of L.leichtlinii and L.davidi ＇unicdor cotton＇ was investigated.Among the cross combinations within Sinomartagon section,only L.cernuum×L.pumilum,L.davidi ＇unicdor cotton＇×L.cernuum and L.davidi×L.leichtlinii obtained hybrid embryos and seedlings with delaying pollination and embryo rescue technique.Cross compatibility between Sinomartagon and Lophophorum section was better than other cross combinations from different sections of the genus Lilium.Delaying pollination method was more effective than cut-style pollination for most of cross combinations.For the majority of selfed and crossed combinations,tissue culture could effectively prevent post-crossing barriers and obtained first filial generation seedlings.