卵丘细胞在卵母细胞发育过程中的作用

Role of cumulus cells in oocyte development

卵母细胞能否正常发育成熟是影响女性生育能力的重要因素,目前人们普遍认为,人类卵母细胞和卵丘细胞之间的相互交流,对于卵母细胞发育是不可或缺的。在卵泡窦腔形成过程中,颗粒细胞分化为壁颗粒细胞和卵丘细胞,卵丘细胞与其他卵泡细胞不同,具有本身独特的功能、促进排卵前卵母细胞的生长和成熟及支持排卵后卵母细胞功能的作用。本文主要对卵丘细胞的功能及在卵母细胞发育过程中的作用进行论述。

Oocyte quality is a key factor to influence female fertility. It is widely recognized that bi- directional communication exists between the human oocyte and cumulus cells（CCs）. The communication is essential for establishing oocyte development competence. The CCs originate from granulosa cells（GCs） which differentiate to mural GCs and CCs during follicular antrum formation. CCs are biologically distinct from other follicular cells and perform many special roles, for example, transmitting signals within ovary, supporting oocyte growth and maturation during the pre-ovulatory phase,and maintaining oocyte function during and post-ovulation phase. This review details the biological function of CCs and their interaction with ooeyte.