采煤塌陷水域氮、磷空间分布及营养状态评价研究

Spatial Distribution and Trophic Status Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Coal Mining Subsided Water Areas

采煤塌陷水域是淮南矿区的一种特殊区域,为了分析采煤塌陷积水区域的氮磷空间分布特征及营养状态,选取潘一塌陷水域为研究对象,分析不同形态的氮、磷含量。结果表明,潘一塌陷水域总氮、氨氮、硝态氮的含量分别为1.38～8.22 mg/L,0.44～1.16 mg/L,0.21～1.23 mg/L,呈现出泥河入口处氮的含量大,随着水流含量逐渐减小的趋势;总磷、可溶性总磷的含量分别为0.06～0.26 mg/L,0.01～0.12 mg/L,其空间分布和总氮的空间分布趋势一致。综合营养指数评价结果表明,潘一塌陷水域总体上处于轻度富营养化状态,水体中氮磷比(N∶P)为21∶1,塌陷水域中的总氮浓度超过总磷浓度7倍以上,说明潘一塌陷水域为磷营养限制性。

Coal mining water - subsided area is one of the special mining areas in Huainan mining region. In order to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus and the trophic status of these areas, Panyi Mining Subsided Wa- ter Area was taken as an example to analyze the contents of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus. The results indicated that the contents of total nitrogen, ammonia and nitrate were 1.38-8. 22, 0.44- 1.16 and 0. 21-1.23 mg/L, which showed high concentration near Ni River and gradually decreased as the water flow. Contents of total phosphorus and soluble total phosphorus were 0. 06-0. 26 and 0. 01- 0. 12 mg/L, showing a very good consistency in the spatial distribution of total nitrogen. The evalu- ation results of comprehensive nutrition index showed that water area in Panyi belonged to mild eutrophication status, and the rate of nitrogen and phosphorus （N ： P）were 21 ： 1 ; content of total nitrogen was over 7 times more than total phosphorus, which illus- trated that phosphorus was the limiting factor of eutrophication.