学前儿童文字意识发展研究述评

A Critical Review of the Development of Preschoolers’ Print Awareness

文字意识的发展对儿童阅读能力的发展具有分水岭意义。本文梳理了学界对有关文字意识的概念界定、研究的主要方法、文字意识发展的划分阶段和文字意识的教学模式等方面的研究，发现研究者和相关国家的阅读计划都开始关注儿童文字意识的发展．并采用量化、直观的方法对学前儿童文字意识的发展特点和影响因素进行研究。大部分研究者认为，儿童文字意识的发展具有阶段性特点，交互式的教学模式是培养儿童文字意识，发展儿童阅读能力的理想方法。我们认为未来的研究要关注汉语学前儿童文字意识发展的普遍性和独特性特征，探索汉语学前儿童文字意识培养的有效途径。

Print awareness is greatly significant to children＇s reading ability development. This paper provides a critical review of domestic and overseas literature on print awareness in concept clarification, major research methods, division of development stages, and models for teaching. Many researchers and reading plans of many countries are paying special attention to developing children＇s print awareness. Study of development features of preschoolers＇ print awareness and influencing factors indicates that the development obviously has certain stages; and interactive teaching is an idea] method cultivating children＇s print awareness and developing children＇s reading ability. Future researches should focus on the universality and uniqueness of Chinese preschooler＇s print awareness and ways of cultivating Chinese children＇s print awareness need to be further explored.