秦岭山区景观格局演变的生态服务价值响应研究——以商洛市为例

Response of ecosystem services value to the landscape patterns change in Qinling Mountains——A case of Shangluo city

生态保护区的景观格局演变对区域生态服务价值变化影响显著。基于对秦岭山区商洛市1990年、2000年、2009年3时段TM影像的解译结果对研究区1990年-2009年景观指数变化进行分析,得出其景观格局演变规律。运用生态系统服务价值估算方法,计算出景观格局演变导致的研究区生态系统服务价值变化量。结果表明:商洛市19年间景观分离度逐渐降低,聚集度逐渐升高,林地景观范围逐步扩大;生态系统服务价值量快速提高,其价值量也不断升高,但其与全局价值估算结果差异较大;不同估算模型不影响价值量的时空分布研究。研究说明自然景观被干扰并不意味着生态服务功能的退化,生态价值估算应从整体向局部细化。同时,政策导向是研究区生态环境改善的主要驱动力。

The landscape structure evolution in the ecological protection area may take a significantly influence on the change of regional ecological service value.Using 1990,2000 and 2009 TM or ETM images,we analyzed the landscape indices change from 1990 to 2009 in Shangluo,and got the landscape patterns change rule in this region.We estimated the ecosystem services value which changed by the changing of the landscape patterns both for global and for some particular ones.The result shows： during the last 19 years,the Landscape Division Index was falling and the Aggregation Index was rising.Woodland landscape was extending and the environmental construction had made effect.Especially from 2000 to 2009,the ecosystem services value enhanced fastly by the estimation of ecological value on global.It was found that the ecosystem services value of NPP also increased rapidly by using remote sensing model of CASA for NPP estimate,but the estimated result of value was in difference with the global estimation.Different estimation model decided the various results in value estimation,but the appearance of ecological value transformation distributed on temporal and spatial was not affected in the research.The conclusion tells that interference with the natural landscape doesn＇t namely lead to the degradation in ecological service function;the estimation of ecological value should progress from statistics of overall land use patterns to the refinement of particular calculations;it is considered that policy guiding is the main reason for environment being better in study area.