新疆自然发酵酸马奶中酵母菌的分离鉴定

Isolation and identification of yeast form natural fermentation koumiss in Xinjiang

从自然发酵酸马奶中分离出25株酵母菌,并对酵母菌进行传统形态学、生理生化特性鉴定。鉴定结果为:12株为克鲁维酵母属Kluyveromyces(8株为马克思克鲁维酵母Kluyveromyces marxianus,4株为乳酸克鲁维酵母Kluyveromyces lactis)、1株为酿酒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae、1株为白地霉Galactomyces geotrichum,其他菌株无法推断出。再利用5.8S rDNA序列同源性分析,对25株酵母菌进行分子生物学鉴定,同时对1、2、18、25、27、28号菌株进行系统发育树分析。鉴定结果为:10株单孢酿酒酵母Kazachstania unispora、8株马克思克鲁维酵母K.marxianus、4株乳酸克鲁维酵母K.lactis、1株酿酒酵母S.cerevisiae、1株白地霉G.geotrichum、菌株27疑似新种。

25 strains of yeasts were isolated from the natural fermented koumiss according to the colonial morphology and biological properties. The results of identification were as follows ： 8 strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus, 4 strains of Kluyveromyces lactis, 1 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and 1 strain of Galactomyces geotrichum, the rest cant be deduced. 25 stain of yeasts were identified by 5.8S rDNA sequencing, and strain 1,2,18,25,27, and 28 were further identified by phylogenetic tree analysis. The results of identification were as follows ： 10 strains of Kazachstania unispora ,8 strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus ,4 strains of Kluyveromyces lactis, 1 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and 1 strains of Geotrichum candidum. Strain 27 might be a new species. The identification results were important for us to increase the awareness and usage of traditional fermented dairy products in yeast resources.