海洋微生物次级代谢产物及其抑菌活性研究进展

Study progress review of secondary metabolites from marine microorganisms and their antimicrobial activity

海洋微生物能够产生大量结构新颖、活性独特的次级代谢产物,这为药物先导化合物的发现提供了重要来源,已成为海洋药物研究的热点。本文综述了自2000年至今从海洋真菌、细菌、放线菌报道的具有抑菌活性次级代谢产物的研究进展,共涉及到活性化合物101个,结构类型主要包括大环内酯类、生物碱类、醌类、肽类和萜类等,其中26个化合物含有氯、溴或硫元素;体外抑菌活性测试结果表明,有33个化合物的MIC<5μg.mL-1。

Marine microorganisms could produce secondary metabolites with novel structures and signifi- cant bioactivities, as an important source of lead compounds, which has become a hotspot in the studies of marine drugs. This review introduces the research progress of antimicrobial secondary metabolites derived from marine fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes which covers the literatures published since 2000. A total of 101 antimicrobial compounds are involved, including macrolides, alkaloids, quinines, pe＇ptides, and terpenes, etc, in which 26 compounds contain an element of chlorine, bromium or sulfur. The results of antimicrobial experiments in vitro indicated that the MIC values of 33 compounds were lower than 5μg·mL-1.