人工绿洲防护林林下植物多样性研究

Plant diversity under tree-layers of shelter forests in artificial oasis

采用"标准地+样方"法,对克拉玛依农业综合开发区防护林林下植物群落进行调查,统计并计算林下植物的丰富度、物种多样性及均匀度。结果表明:(1)研究区防护林林下植物共有33种,主要以农田杂草为主;(2)研究区防护林林下植物物种多样性以紫穗槐林为最高,沙棘、沙枣林和柽柳林次之,杨树林和榆树林最小;(3)高郁闭度的乔木防护林对林下植物的生长有较强的抑制作用,林下植物多样性低,中等郁闭度的乔木防护林林下植物多样性最高,而灌木防护林林下植物多样性和均匀性都比较高,多样性在不同郁闭度下差异不大。文中旨在了解干旱区不同防护林林下植物群落的现状,为该地区防护林建设和经营提供科学依据。

Standard plot and sample plot were taken to investigate richness,diversity index and evenness of the plants community under tree-layers of shelter forest in the comprehensive agricultural development zone of Karamay.Results showed：（1） There are 33 kinds of plants under tree-layers of forest protection,mainly of farmland weeds.（2） The order of plant diversity under tree-layers of shelter forest is Amorpha fruticosa Hippophae rhamnoides Elaeagnus angustifolia Tamarix chinensis Populus Ulmus pumila.（3） High crown density of trees shelter forest has a stronger inhibitory effect for plants under tree-layers,its plant diversity is lower.However,plant diversity and evenness under tree-layers of shrubs shelter forest are higher.The study on the quantities characteristics of plant community under tree-layer of shelter forest can give scientific basis for the construction and management of forests.