小管出流不同亏水时期对延后栽培葡萄耗水及品质的影响

Research on water consumption and quality of greenhouse delayed cultivation grape under small tube flow deficit irrigation

通过设施延后栽培葡萄小管出流灌溉试验,分析了不同生育期亏水对延后栽培葡萄耗水规律、产量、可溶性固形物、总糖等指标的影响效果。结果表明,延后栽培葡萄耗水规律总体表现为"最小-增大-减小-最大-再减小"的规律;延后栽培葡萄在果实膨大期耗水模系数占到50%以上,该阶段亏水减产幅度达32.53%;葡萄总糖和可滴定酸含量对各生育期土壤水分调控响应最敏感,其中着色成熟期亏水可提高葡萄总糖含量、减小可滴定酸含量,使葡萄综合品质达到最优化;而果实膨大期亏水则导致葡萄酸涩度加重,花青苷含量降低,对品质的负面影响最大。

Based on the experiment of greenhouse delayed cultivation grape irrigated with small tube flow,the effects of water deficit in different growth periods on water consumption,yield,total soluble solids,total sugar and other indicators were studied.The results showed that the general regularity of water consumption of delayed cultivation grape was ＂minimum-increasing-decreasing-maximum-decreasing＂.The water consumption coefficient accounted for more than 50% in fruit enlargement period,and the fruit yield reduced by 32.53% under water deficit in this phase.Total sugar and titratable acid content were the two quality parameters that were most sensitive to soil moisture regulation.Water deficit in the coloring and mature period could increase total sugar and reduce titratable acid in fruits,thus improving the comprehensive quality of grape.Water deficit in fruit enlargement period could aggravate sour degree and reduce anthocyanin content,and produce a negative effect on fruit quality as a result.