喷施不同钙肥对苹果贮藏期间抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effects of foliar spraying of different calcium fertilizers on antioxidant enzymes in apple during storage period

以"天富一号"苹果为试材,探讨了钙肥对贮藏期间果实抗氧化酶活性的影响,结果表明:在0℃贮藏条件下红富士果肉SOD、CAT高峰出现的时间一致,表明SOD、CAT是协同作用的,它们是果实贮藏前期的主要作用酶,共同防御活性氧或其过氧化物自由基对细胞膜系统的伤害。贮藏60 d后POD活性显著增加,MDA含量在贮藏后期也逐渐增加,表明POD是贮藏后期的主要作用酶。喷施不同钙肥均能显著提高SOD、CAT的活性,降低了MDA含量,其中功能性叶面肥作用效果优于营养型叶面肥,螯合氨基酸钙处理下SOD、CAT含量最高,其次为旱地龙腐殖酸,因此可选择螯合氨基酸作为延长苹果贮藏期的最佳钙肥,旱地龙腐殖酸因其具有抗旱能力可适用于干旱地区果园。

With the cultivar of ＂Tianfu 1＂ as test material,the effects of calcium fertilizers on antioxidant enzymes in apple during storage period were studied.The results showed that there was a temporal synchronization for both the activities of SOD and CAT to reach the peak in fruit stored under 0℃.It suggested that SOD and CAT cooperated as main antioxidant enzymes to protect the cytomembrane system from active oxygen and peroxy radical during the early storage period.After 60 days of storage,the activity of POD significantly increased,and the concentration of MDA also showed the same trend,so POD was the main active enzyme in the late storage stage.The activities of SOD and CAT were significant improved and the concentration of MDA was significant decreased by spraying of calcium fertilizers,in which the effect of functional foliar fertilizers was more effective than that of nutritional ones.The activities of SOD and CAT were the highest under the treatment of amino acid chelate,followed by Handilong humic acid.Therefore,amino acid chelate was selected as the best calcium fertilizer for prolonging fruit storage,and Handilong humic acid was suitable to the orchards in arid areas because of its drought-resistant ability.