山东省生态地球化学调查中的有机氯农药研究

Study of Organochlorine Pesticides in Soil from Eco-geochemical Surveys in Shandong Province

以山东省生态地球化学调查中获取的烟台市和鲁西南地区土壤中DDTs(滴滴涕)、HCHs(六六六)数据为基础,对比研究了两地区土壤中DDTs和HCHs的残留状况及其含量变化。发现鲁西南地区土壤中DDTs、HCHs检出率明显高于烟台市,但烟台市土壤中DDTs、HCHs平均值分别是鲁西南的9倍和25倍,且高于世界其他国家或地区土壤平均值。两地土壤中p,p'-DDE为DDTs的主要存在形式,主要是过去输入的DDTs在氧化环境中的降解产物,但烟台市5.52%的土壤近期仍有少量的DDTs输入,并对土壤环境质量产生较大影响。烟台市HCHs的4种异构体中以β-HCH为主,鲁西南α-HCH/γ-HCH值较低,表明HCHs在两地区土壤中残留的时间很长。经初步分析,鲁西南地区土壤中DDTs和HCHs风险较低,但烟台市局部土壤DDTs仍有一定风险。

Based on a comprehensive eco-geochemical survey in Yantai and southwestern Shandong Province （SSP）, this paper studies the pesticides residual and the content of DDTs and HCHs in soil. The results show that the detection rate of DDTs and HCHs in the soil of SSP is apparently higher than Yantai. However, the mean content of DDTs and HCHs in the soil of Yantai is 9 and 25 times higher than that of SSP, respectively, and significantly higher than many other cities and areas. The p,p′ - DDE is the main pesticide residual form in the soil of SSP, which is considered as the degradation products of DDTs in oxidation environment in the past. However, 5.52% of the soil in Yantai city still has few DDTs input recently, which has posed a big impact on soil environment quality. The β-HCH is the main form of 4 isomers of HCHs in Yantai city, and α-HCH/γ-HCH in SSP is low. It is revealed that the HCHs in soil of these two areas has a long residual time. The preliminary analysis indicates that the risk of DDTs and HCHs in soil of SSP is relatively low, while the risk of DDTs in soil of Yantai city is still of a certain level.