中国商业银行的成本非效率、规模经济及技术进步(1994-2010)——基于随机前沿对数成本函数方法的实证分析

The Cost inefficiency,Economies of Scale and TechnologicalProgress of Chinese Commercial Banks(1994-2010)——Based on the Positive Analysis on Stochastic Frontier Logarithm Cost Function Method

本文运用随机前沿对数成本函数方法对我国十四家商业银行1994-2010年的成本非效率、规模经济及技术进步进行实证分析,结果发现股份制商业银行样本期的平均成本非效率小于大型商业银行样本期的平均成本非效率;股份制商业银行样本期的平均规模经济指数略微小于大型商业银行样本期的平均规模经济指数,总体来说我国商业银行在追求规模经济方面差距不大。股份制商业银行样本期的平均技术进步效应明显好于大型商业银行样本期的平均技术进步效应。本文的结论是:我国商业银行通过扩大产出实现规模经济来降低成本的空间很小,今后提高我国商业银行效率的主要途径:一是降低商业银行的成本非效率,二是提高商业银行的技术进步率。

This paper conducts positive analysis to the cost inefficiency,economies of scale and technological progress of 14 Chinese commercial banks from 1994 to 2010 by using stochastic frontier logarithm cost function method.The result finds that the average cost inefficiency of stock-holding commercial banks is slightly smaller than that of large commercial banks in the sample period;the average index of economies of scale of stock-holding banks is slightly smaller than that of large commercial banks in the sample period.Generally speaking,there is little difference in pursuing economies of scale for Chinese commercial banks.The average technological progress effect of stock-holding banks is clearly better than that of large commercial banks in the sample period.The conclusion of this paper is: it is very hard for Chinese commercial banks to realize economies of scale and reduce cost by enlarging output.The main approaches to raising the efficiency of Chinese commercial banks in the future are: 1.reducing the cost inefficiency of commercial banks;2.raising the technological progress rate of commercial banks.