双轨制政策试验:政策创新的中国经验

Dual-track Approach to Policy Experiment: The Experience of Policy Innovation in China

中国的双轨制改革不仅存在于经济领域,还发生于行政领域,并形成一种独特的双轨制政策试验模式。中央政府通过区分试点地区和一般地区,批准试点地区开展政策试验并给予政策优惠,这一制度有效激发了地方政府的改革热情,降低了政策试验可能遇到的阻力,加速了典型经验的扩散速度,提升了国家政策创新能力。本文分析了双轨制政策试验的表现形式和独特功能,总结了其有效发挥作用的前提条件。

China＇s dual--track approach to reform not only exists in economic system, but also occurs in administrative system, which forms a unique dual--track model of policy experiment. The central government distinguishes general areas from pilot areas, authorizes the latter to carry out policy experiments, and provides the local governments in pilot are- as with preferential policies. Such institutional arrangements have stimulated the enthusiasm of local governments, accelerated the diffusion of successful experience among local decision makers, and enhanced the capability of national policy innovation. The author analyzes the forms and functions of dual--track system of policy experiment, and sum- marizes the preconditions for its effective implementation.