双轨制:中国社会组织发展的现实路径分析

Double-track Mechanism: The Practical Developing Approach of Chinese NGOs

中国社会组织的发展具有明显的"双轨制"特点,即具有自上而下与自下而上两种产生渠道,并受到政府与社会两种力量的影响。本文借助双轨制的分析框架,通过四个社会组织发展的实践,对比性地分析了社会组织发展的可行路径。研究发现,自下而上的社会组织可以借由政府开放资源的机会达到综合利用来自政府和社会两种资源的目的,而自上而下的社会组织则可以通过合作治理的方式达到吸收社会资源并增强自主权的目的。

The development of Chinese NGOs has to obey the ＂double--track＂ mechanism, which means its development is in- fluenced both by government and by society. Based on the ‘double--track’ framework, this paper tries to analyze the practical developing approach of Chinese NGOs. Through the analysis of four NGOs, this paper finds that the ‘bot- tom-up＇ organizations can develop better through government opening resources and the ‘top--down＇ organizations can develop better through cooperative governance. The organizations, which can balance the resources and restrictions coming from government and society, will have better development.