春石斛杂交种多糖及生物碱含量比较研究

Polysaccharide and Total Alkaloid Content of Nobile-type Dendrobium

采用改良的苯酚-硫酸法和酸性染料比色法测定了野生金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile Lindl.)、组培金钗石斛(由种子无菌萌发、快繁,并移栽成活的成熟植株)和4种春石斛杂交种(Nobile-type Dendrobium)的多糖和生物碱含量,通过与野生金钗石斛对比,以期为春石斛杂交种的药用开发提供依据和参考。结果表明:9月和12月份,‘Red Cat1’(10109)和‘Pink Star’(2810)两种石斛杂交种在茎多糖含量方面与野生金钗石斛无显著差异;不同器官多糖含量呈现茎>叶>花>根;茎段总生物碱含量方面,组培金钗石斛优于野生金钗石斛;野生金钗石斛明显优于春石斛杂交种,呈现组培金钗石斛>野生金钗石斛>10109>‘Little Bee’(10213)>‘Red Cat2’(9101)>2810,其中10109的总生物碱含量显著高于其它3种杂交种,且达到野生金钗石斛的50%左右。

The content of total alkaloids and polysaccharides were investigated among wild Dendrobium nobile Lindl.,cultured Dendrobium nobile and four Nobile-type Dendrobium cultivars（as called‘Little Bee’,‘Pink Star’,‘Red Cat1’ and ‘Red Cat2’） for pharmaceutical development.The contents of polysaccharides were determined by improved phenol-sulphuric acid method,while the content of total alkaloids were determined by acid-dye colorimetry method.The results showed that polysaccharide content in stems were insignificant among ‘Red Cat1’,‘Pink Star’and wild D.nobile in September and December,but cultured D.nobile was higher than wild D.nobile in both of total alkaloid content in stems and polysaccharide content in all parts of plants.In observed species and cultivars,orderliness of polysaccharide content in different organs was stems〉leaves〉 flowers 〉roots,but orderliness of total alkaloid content in stems were cultured D.nobile in plantswild D.nobile‘Red Cat1’〉 ‘Little Bee’〉‘Red Cat2’〉‘Pink Star’,and the total alkaloid content of ‘Red Cat1’,which was half of that of wild D.nobile,was significantly higher than the other three cultivars.