三唑酮和苯醚甲环唑种子处理对小麦安全性和产量的影响研究

Safety Assessment of Seed-treatment with Triadimefon and Difenoconazole to Wheat Seeding Growth

2011-2012年,通过大田小区试验研究比较了三唑酮3%悬浮种衣剂和苯醚甲环唑3%悬浮种衣剂包衣处理后的小麦出苗率、生长情况(株高和鲜重)、对白粉病的防治效果和小麦产量。试验结果表明,无论从小麦出苗率、株高还是植株鲜重等因素来看,小麦都对三唑酮表现出更高的敏感性,在药种比1∶25时,小麦出苗率只有48.76%,药害明显;苯醚甲环唑则相对安全。从小麦株高鲜重分析,三唑酮3%悬浮种衣剂在药种比为1∶600、1∶400和1∶200时的株高和鲜重与对照相比都有增加,说明在适当的用药量条件下,三唑酮对小麦株高和鲜重有促进作用;苯醚甲环唑3%悬浮剂在药种比为1∶600、1∶400、1∶200、1∶100和1∶50时株高和鲜重与对照相比也有稳定增加,但不如三唑酮明显。从结果可以初步推断,适量的包衣处理在对出苗率影响不大的基础上,可以增加小麦的株高和鲜重。三唑酮3%悬浮剂和苯醚甲环唑3%悬浮剂种子包衣对小麦后期的白粉病均有一定的防治效果,防效均>52.3%。三唑酮和苯醚甲环唑在试验剂量范围内大部分处理都对小麦亩产量表现出一定的增产作用,苯醚甲环唑增产效果更为显著。

Influence of seed-treatment with triadimefon and difenoconazole on rate of emer- gence, plant height, fresh weight, control effect of Wheat powdery mildew and yield of wheat were studied in this paper. The results showed that triadimefon was more sensitive than difeno- conazole in the effect on rate of emergence, plant height and fresh weight. Low dosage of tri- adimefon and difenoconazole have little effect on rate of emergence. The plant height and fresh weight were increased when the proportion of seed and triadimefon is 1：600, 1：400 and 1：200 and the proportion of seed and difenoconazole is 1：600, 1：400, 1：200, 1：100 and 1：50. Howev- er, the increase amplitude of triatdimefon treatment was more significant than difenoconazole treatment. It could be deduced that proper dosage of triadimefon and difenoconazole did not af- fect the rate of emergence and could increase the plant height and fresh weight. In addition, most of controlling value were more than 52.32% against Wheat powdery mildew, and the con- trolling value improved with the increasing the proportion of seed and agent of triadimefon and difenoconazole. The proper dosage of triadimefon and difenoconazole could increase the yield of wheat and the effect of increasing yield of difenoconazole was more significant than triadimefon.