新疆维族正常颅面结构补偿机制的探讨

A Study on the Intrinsic Compensative Mechanism of Craniofacial Soft and Hard Tissue Structures of Uygur Adults with Normal Occlusion

目的 :探讨新疆维族正常群体颅面软硬组织内部结构的补偿机制 ,并按照 3种骨面型建立新疆维族正常的头影测量评价标准。方法 :在研究新疆维族正常成人颅面特征的基础上 ,采用方差分析及两两比较 ,对所得的 3种骨面型 (平均型、水平趋向型、垂直趋向型 )的 2 1项指标进行统计学处理。结果 :水平趋向型、垂直趋向型在骨骼、牙齿、软组织方面均发生代偿性改变。结论 :正常的建立并不是完全依靠颅面各部分的结构正常 ,而主要依赖于牙、、颅面软硬组织各部分间相互关系的协调和组合平衡。因此 ,在制定矫治计划时应考虑如何调动机体补偿机制 ,选择适当的矫正方法 ,建立牙颅面结构间的组合匹配与协调平衡。

Objective: To study the intrinsic compensative mechanism of craniofacial soft and hard tissue structures of Uygur adults with normal occlusion and establish standard cephalometric values to evaluate craniofacial soft and hard tissue structures of normal Uygur adults. Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 93 Uygur adults with normal occlusion (43 men and 50 women) were evaluated with the same standard. Their age ranged from 18 to 25 years old, and they had normal and well balanced faces without receiving any orthodontical treatment. Based on the study of craniofacial soft and hard tissue structures with normal occlusion, the horizontal tendency, the vertical tendency pattern and the medial pattern of craniofacial soft and hard tissue structures were compared, and the intrinsic compensative mechanism in the inner structures of the horizontal and the vertical tendency patterns was investigated. Finally 21 indexes were analysised by mean squar deviation and Newman Keuls test. Results: The obvious compensative changes in the horizontal and vertical tendency patterns were found in teeth, skeleton and soft tissues. ①When the horizontal tendency was compared with the medial pattern, the value of ODI and angles of FH NA and FH NB increased (P<0 01), while the angle of SN PP decreased (P<0 01). It showed that the anterior maxilla rotated in the counter clockwise direction, and the anterior mandible rotated in the clockwise direction. The angle of U\-1 L\-1 increased (P<0 01), which meant that the inclination of anterior teeth decreased. ②When the vertical tendency was compared with the medial pattern, the value of ODI decreased (P<0 01), while the height of ANS Me, U\-1 PP, L\-1 MP, and the thickness of LL SnPg increased (P<0 01); The angle of L\-1 MP decreased (P<0 05), while the length of Sn Stms increased (P<0 05). These results showed that there was an obvious positive relationship between hard and soft tissues. The soft tissue thickness could compensate the changes of hard tissues to keep the facial patterns harmony. Conclusion: Normal occlusion depends on the homeostasis of teeth, skeleton and soft tissues, but doesn′t only depend on the normal craniofacial soft and hard tissue structures respectively. The intrinsic compensative mechanism plays an important role in forming normal occlusion, therefore, doctors should choose the best treatment to obtain optimal individual intrinsic compensative mechanism and achieve an optimal balance between the craniofacial structures and the occlusion.