基于全球价值链视角的中国制造业国家价值链的构建

The Construction of the National Value Chain of China’s Manufacturing Sector from the perspective of the Global Value Chain

中国制造业经过30多年的对外开放已经全面融入全球价值链体系,这种融入主要是通过中国出口产品的国际市场份额、RCA指数以及产业内贸易IIT指数等三个指标来反映,但在全球价值链分工中中国一直处于低位徘徊的地位,而要改变这种状况必须在全球价值链体系下构建中国制造业国家价值链。该文着重分析了影响中国制造业国家价值链构建的主要因素,包括来自发达国家的干涉和封锁、中国的政府行为及政府间利益冲突等,强调在中国制造业国家价值链重构过程中要积极发挥政府的作用,包括政府要切实降低本国制造企业构建国家价值链的制度成本、规范地方政府竞争行为的导向、促进加工贸易企业转型升级以及要加快培育中国的中等收入阶层等方面的思路和建议。

After more than 30 years＇opening-up, our country＇s manufacturing sector has already merged into the system of global value chain, reflected by the international market share of the export products, RCA index, and IIT index. However, the status of China in the global value chain has been hovering at a low level. It is necessary to re-constrnct the national value chain of our country＇s manufacturing sector within the system of the global value chain. The author has analyzed the main factors impacting on the construction of China＇s national value chain emphasizing the important role of the governments at all levels.