农业景观中林地的生物多样性保育及生态服务提升

Plantation Woodlands for Biodiversity Maintenance and Enhancing Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Landscape

笔者首先简述农业景观中林地的现状、问题及面临的挑战,论述农业景观中林地在生物多样性保育和多功能应用方面的重要作用,在此基础上,探讨在地块和景观尺度上如何对决定功能的结构进行优化配置,通过农业景观中林地的改造和提升,来促进生物多样性保护和生态系统服务功能提升。研究显示,林地类型、面积、形状、配置结构和树种组成以及在地块和景观尺度上实践的驱动力是决定农业景观中林地功能的重要影响因素。最后,针对农业景观中林地在设计和管护方面,如何实现多功能目标进行了讨论,以期推动农业景观多功能林地的发展,避免把农业景观中林地建成"绿色沙漠"。

This paper briefly describes the status,issues and potential challenges facing of woodland in the agricultural landscape.Then,the critical role of woodland and trees scattered in biodiversity maintenance and multiple-use is examined.On this basis,optimize the configuration of the structure,which determine the function of they play,at both site and landscape levels is raised.We argued that by upgrading and enhancing of the woodland throughout agricultural landscape may promote the protection of biodiversity and ecosystem services enhancements.We identified key factors which determining the functions of woodland and trees scattered in agricultural landscape are type,size,shape,physical structure and tree species,as well as their practice dynamics at both field and landscape levels.Finally,aimed at ecosystem services management and project design,how to achieve the multi-purpose plantations are discussed,and some advices are given for promoting the multifunctional woodland development and avoiding becoming ＂ green deserts ＂.