室内观赏植物甲醛吸收特性研究

Research on Absorptive Characteristic of Indoor Ornamental Plant on Formaldehyde

为了确定不同植物吸收甲醛的能力大小,为采用植物治理居室内有害物质的方法提供科学依据,选用4种常用的植物材料,将盆土与植物地上部分隔开,放入自行研制的甲醛熏蒸箱内,进行甲醛熏蒸,单位叶面积吸收甲醛量为标准,进行排序比较,选出对甲醛敏感的植物。结果表明,(1)植物吸收甲醛能力大小依次为:碰碰香(Plectranthus tomentosa)、豆瓣绿(Peperomia tetraphylla)、吊竹梅(Tradescantiazebrine)、文竹(Aspargus plumosus)。(2)文竹对甲醛感应敏感,可作为甲醛监测植物。(3)在甲醛浓度为6mg/m3和12mg/m3时,碰碰香、豆瓣绿、吊竹梅吸收甲醛的量随着甲醛浓度的倍增而倍增。在甲醛浓度为24mg/m3以上时,碰碰香、吊竹梅对甲醛的吸收率逐渐下降,而豆瓣绿对甲醛的吸收率保持在稳定状态,无很大变化。

In order to provide the scientific evidence for the method to determine different absorption capacity on formaldehyde of indoor ornamental plants.The author chose 4 species of indoor ornamental plants.Pot and soil were separated from the haulm and put into a self-designed fumigating box to conduct formaldehyde experiment.The author measured the change of formaldehyde and the plant leaf area before and after the experiment,and compared the ability of the 4 plants to absorb formaldehyde based on the reduction of formaldehyde in the unit leaf area.The results showed that：（1） their absorption capacity was as follows：Plectranthus tomentosaPeperomia tetraphyllaAspargus plumosus.（2） Tradescantia zebrine was particularly sensitive to formaldehyde,which could be used for monitoring formaldehyde.（3） When the formaldehyde concentration of 6 mg/m 3 and 12 mg/m 3,Plectranthus tomentosa,Peperomia tetraphylla and Aspargus plumosus absorbed the amount of formaldehyde with formaldehyde concentration multiply and multiply.But when the formaldehyde concentration was 24 mg/m 3,Plectranthus tomentosa and Tradescantia zebrine on formaldehyde absorption rate declined gradually.While the Peperomia tetraphylla of formaldehyde absorption rate remained at a steady state.