湿地岸带景观规划设计研究概述

Overview on Landscape Planning and Design on Wetland Riparian Zone

近年来,随着社会经济的迅速发展和城乡城镇化趋势的不断扩张,位于城郊有限的自然湿地资源引起了社会各方面的强烈关注,尤其是关于湿地岸带的生态保护与开发利用正面临着日益严峻的挑战和争议。本研究基于湿地恢复学和景观生态学的知识理念,从湿地岸带的景观规划设计视角出发,概括了湿地岸带的生态边缘特性、景观廊道特性和景观递变特性,阐述了湿地岸带具有供给、调节、支持和文化等生态服务功能,提出湿地岸带景观的规划目标和设计原则,探讨了在总体规划层面上对于湿地岸带在纵向、横向和垂直向三维景观格局中的规划要点以及各个景观斑块之间的空间联系和相互影响,最后总结了在详细规划层面上对于湿地岸带的水体景观、地形景观、植被景观和文化景观元素的设计建议,以期为今后湿地岸带的景观规划设计提供一定的理论支持和技术指导。

With the rapid development of social economy and the expansion of urban and rural development,the limited natural wetland resources,which located in the suburb,have aroused strong concern in all aspects of society in recent years.Especially,wetland riparian zone,as one of the vital part of wetland,is facing increasingly serious challenges and controversies between ecological protection and development utilization.According to the principle of wetland restoration and the conception of landscape ecology,this paper firstly made a summary of ecological edge effect characteristics,landscape corridor characteristics and landscape grading characteristics in wetland riparian zone;stated that the ecological service function of wetland riparian zone contained provision,regulation,supporting and cultural services as well;then put forward the planning objectives and design principles;discussed the key points of landscape pattern space planning in overall planning level and the interconnecting and influence between each landscape patch in the longitudinal,transverse and vertical dimensional space;finally gave the suggestions of detailed design on the water,landform,vegetation and culture landscape element in wetland riparian zone.Through the above description,this paper provided a certain theoretical support and technical guidance with a view to the future of landscape planning and design in wetland restoration and construction.