复合间作栽培模式对滨海盐渍土养分和有机质的影响

Effects of Compound Intercropping on Nutrition and Organic Matter of Coastal Saline Soil

为了探讨复合间作栽培模式对滨海盐渍土的改良作用,选择木本植物沙枣、杜梨和草本植物红花、胡卢巴为试验材料,采用4种间作模式(T1:胡卢巴+沙枣;T2:第1年红花+沙枣、第2年胡卢巴+沙枣;T3:红花+杜梨;T4:红花+沙枣),研究不同间作模式对滨海盐渍土0～10cm、10～30cm和30～50cm3个土层养分和有机质含量的影响。按照国家标准分别测定土壤中水解氮、速效磷、速效钾及有机质含量,结果表明:4种间作模式种植后均提高了土壤0～50cm土层水解氮、速效磷、速效钾及有机质含量,但不同间作模式对土壤中各物质增幅影响效果有显著差异。间作种植后养分和有机质含量在0～10cm、10～30cm和30～50cm3个土层中增幅最高的间作模式分别为:水解氮-T2(92.1%)、T2(199.8%)和T2(370.5%),速效磷-T4(69.1%)、T1(558.9%)和T1(245.7%),速效钾-T1(144.9%)、T2(119.5%)和T1(132.0%),有机质-T2(82.5%)、T2(212.3%)和T1(180.6%)。综合分析,T1和T2模式在4种间作模式中改良滨海盐渍土效果较好,可作为生物改良滨海盐渍土的有效途径。

In order to investigate the effects of compound intercropping on soil improvement of coastal saline, woody plants （Elaeagnus angustifolia L. and Pyrus betulaefolia Bge.） and herbaceous plants （Carthamus tinctonus L. and Tdgonella foenum-graecum L.） were used as experimental materials, and four intercropping planting treatments （T1, T2, T3 and T4） were designed. The contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorous, rapidly available potassium and organic matter were measured according to relative national standards. The results showed that： the four treatments could increase the contents of nutritions and organic matter in 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm and 30-50 cm soil layers, respectively, but different treatments had different effects on the increasing percentages of nutritions and organic matter. In three soil layers of 0-10 cm, 10-30 em and 30-50 cm, the intercropping planting treatments which had the most high increasing percentage for hydrolyzable nitrogen content were T2 （92.1%）, T2 （199.8%） and T2 （370.5%）, for rapidly available phosphorous were T4 （69.1%）, T1 （558.9%） and T1 （245.7%）, for rapidly available potassium were T1 （144.9%）, T2 （119.5%） and T1 （132.0%）, for organic matter were T2 （82.5%）, T2 （212.3%） and T1 （180.6%）. According to comprehensive analysis, T1 and T2 treatments had better effects than others on soil improvement of coastal saline, and could be effective modes in the improvement of coastal saline soil.