载脂蛋白B RNA编辑机制概述

Overview of Editing Mechanism of Apolipoprotein B RNA

载脂蛋白B(apoB)是负责脂类转运的脂蛋白中的蛋白组成部分,在人体内主要以apoB-100和apoB-48两种形式存在。apoB-48是apoB-100mRNA转录后经RNA编辑产生的。包含apoB-48的脂蛋白不会变成致动脉粥样硬化的低密度脂蛋白。编辑过程涉及一系列蛋白质对单个碱基进行精确的脱氨基修饰,受多种因素的调节。这些蛋白质的精确组成及各自在编辑过程中的作用尚不清楚。对apoBmRNA编辑机制的理解有助于为脂蛋白相关疾病治疗提供理论依据。

Apolipoprotein B （apoB）, an essential structural component of lipoproteins responsible for lipid transportation, circulates in two forms in human, apoB-100 and apoB-48. The generation of apoB-48 is due to the apoB-100 mRNA editing. ApoB-48-containing lipoproteins cannot be converted into the atherogenic low dendity lipoproteins. ApoB RNA editing involves precise deamination of a single nucleotide by a coordinated protein, which is regulated by many elements. Accurate components in the editosome and their role remain unclear. Understanding of the mechanism responsible for apoB mRNA editing will provide the theoretical basis for lipoprotein-related diseases.