白血病患儿院内感染的危险因素及护理策略

The Risk Factors Analysis and Nursing Strategy of Nosocomial Infection among Children with Leukemia

目的探讨白血病患儿院内感染的危险因素并总结护理策略。方法对2009年10月-2012年10月绍兴市人民医院收治的208例白血病患儿的病例信息进行统计,包括性别、年龄、住院时间、白细胞数目、营养状况、治疗方法以及是否发生医院感染,分析院内感染的危险因素。护理措施包括强化患儿的基础护理以及饮食管理,合理使用抗生素,提高医护人员知识水平,以及病房的环境控制。结果 208例患儿共发生37例院内感染,感染率17.8%,医院感染的危险因素包括年龄≤5岁,住院时间>30 d,白细胞数目,贫血程度以及鞘内注射等。感染部位以上呼吸道感染为主(51.4%),其次为下呼吸道感染(18.9%)。结论加强对减少白血病患儿较严重院内感染危险因素的分析,对预防此类患儿院内感染的发生极其重要。

Objective To explore the risk factors analysis and nursing strategy of nosocomial infection among children with leukemia. Methods 208 cases of children with leukemia cases during October 2009 to October 2012 were analyzed including sex, age, hospitalization time, the number of white blood cells, nutritional status, treatment method, as well as whether the occur- rence of hospital infection. Nursing strategy included to strengthen the children＇ s basic care, and food and beverage management, rational use of antibiotics, the level of knowledge of nurses, as well as the environmental control of the ward. The nosocomial infec- tion risk factors and care strategy were analyzed. Results There were 37 cases nosocomial infection among 208 pediatric leuke- mia patients with the infection rate of 1＂/. g%. Nosocomial infection risk factors included age 〈~ 5, hospitalization time 〉 30 days, the number of white blood cells ,the degree of anemia and intrathecal injection. The most common infective sites was upper respir- atory tract with infection rate of 51.4% ,followed by lower respiratory tract infection （ 18.9% ）. Conclusion Strengthen the risk factors analysis of nosocomial infections for children with leukemia were extremely important to prevent the occurrence of nosoco- mial infections.