论唐君毅的文化哲学观

On Tang Junyi's View of Cultural Philosophy

心本体论是唐君毅全部学术思想的根本,其文化哲学观自然也就建立于这一基础之上。唐君毅主张以道德自我为中心,从形而上出发,从哲学的高度探索考察中国历史文化,以重建和发展中国传统之人文精神。他将道德自我与文化相联系,强调人类一切文化活动均统属于一道德自我,且为其分殊表现,道德自我构成种种文化意识的灵魂,成为唐君毅文化哲学的理论基础和中心观念,贯穿于唐君毅的道德哲学、人文精神论、宗教观和人生论等整个文化活动之中,从而使得他的文化哲学体系涵摄了更为深广的内容。唐君毅的文化哲学观是一种超越的唯心主义哲学观,具有统摄中、西、印三系思想中唯心主义哲学,特别是西方近现代唯心主义哲学的性质,从而把中国儒家传统的心性之学发展到现代阶段。

Heart ontology is the fundamental of all Tang Junyi＇s academic thought,and his view of cultural philosophy is consequently founded on this base.He proposes to set the moral self as the center and metaphysics as a starting point,to study the Chinese history and culture from a philosophical viewpoint,so as to reconstruct and develop the spirit of humanity in the Chinese tradition.He has related the moral self with culture,underlining that all cultural activities is subject to the moral self.In addition,the moral self constitutes the soul of the various kinds of cultural awareness.These concepts,being the theoretical foundation and central concept of Tang Junyi＇s cultural philosophy,exit in all of his moral philosophy,theories of the spirit of humanity,religion and the theories of life,thus enable Tang＇s system of cultural philosophy to embrace more profound and broad contents.Tang＇s cultural philosophy is a transcendental Idealist philosophy;it has a character of embracing the Idealism in all Chinese,Western and Indian philosophy,especially the Western modern and contemporary Idealism.Thus,it brings the traditional Chinese study of mind and disposition to a modern phase.