沃尔海姆的物理对象理论和审美对象理论

Richard Wollheim's “Physical Objects Hypothesis” and “Asethetic Objects Theory”

理查德·沃尔海姆(1923—2003)是一位英国分析美学家、哲学家。他对分析美学的核心问题即艺术定义进行了重新思考,提出了艺术品即物理对象假说。从整个艺术发展历史来说,理查德·沃尔海姆的艺术定义理论为"究竟何为艺术"这个千古不衰的命题增加了一种新的探讨渠道,实现了一种新的研究方向,因而,他的工作具有创造性意义。之后,他又在艺术品即物理对象假说基础上,提出了艺术品即审美对象理论,将二者进行了分析对比,并对审美对象形成的动力因素、种类等问题进行了思考和探索。

Richard Wollheim（1923—2003） is a British analytical philosopher and aesthetician.He reconsidered the core issue in analytical aesthetics,namesly the definition of art,and proposed the hypothesis that ＂art works are physical objects＂.To speak from the perspective of the development of art history,Richard Wollheim＇s work is innovative in that,his definition of art offered a new direction for both the discussion and research of the long-standing topic of ＂what art really is＂.Later,based on this hypothesis,he proposed that ＂art works are aesthetic objects＂.He compared between the two concepts and investigated several problems concerning the formation of aesthetic objects,such as their causing factors,types and so on.