论“魏玛艺术之友”的审美精神——从1799—1805年的艺术竞赛出发

On the Aesthetic Spirits of Weimar Friends of Art—From the Art Competitions during 1799 to 1805

"魏玛艺术之友"是指以歌德与迈约为中心形成的一个倡导新古典主义视觉艺术的团体,他们于1798年创办刊物《神殿入口》,并在1799年至1805年期间主办了多次艺术竞赛,魏玛在他们的努力下成为德国的一个文化中心;同时"魏玛艺术之友"的艺术实践亦提高了德国人对视觉艺术的鉴赏水平。席勒虽然被歌德看做一位不懂视觉艺术的哲学诗人,但席勒从"美是道德的象征"的角度分析视觉艺术,亦为"魏玛艺术之友"的艺术竞赛提供了最有价值的理论视角。

Weimar Friends of Art was a team which advocated neoclassicism visual arts,and the center of which were Goethe and Meyer.The team initiated Propyl？en in 1798,and hosted several art competitions during 1799 to 1805.Their efforts made Weimar the cultural center in Germany,and at the same time raised German people＇s ability of appreciating visual arts.Although Schiller was regarded as a philosophical poet who could not understand visual arts,his viewpoint ＂beauty is the symbol of morality＂ had provided a most valuable theoretical perspective for the Weimar Friends of Art.