武汉市中小学生身体形态发育现状及10年趋势分析

Analysis on the Current Status of Middle School Students' and Pupils' Physical Development and its Recent 10-year Trends in Wuhan

目的了解武汉市中小学生2010年身体发育现状及近10年的发展趋势,获得动态分析的数据资料,为制定改善学生身体素质的保健规划策略提供依据。方法按照《全国学生体质健康状况调查实施方案》与《学生体质健康标准》,以2000年、2005年、2010年武汉市城区和乡村四所调研点学校6-18岁的中小学生为对象,调查他们的身高、体重、胸围等形态学发育指标,以此体质调研数据为依据对武汉市青少年学生体格发育现状和10年变化趋势进行分析。结果 1）2010年,武汉市城市男性中小学学生的各年龄段身高、体重、胸围等形态发育指标明显高于乡村,差异有统计学意义;2）2010年武汉市城乡中小学生大多数年龄段身高、体重、胸围等指标比2005年和2000年都有显著增长,与2005年相比,身高、体重、胸围的平均增长量分别为1.47 cm、2.06 kg、0.22 cm,与2000年相比,身高、体重、胸围的平均增长量分别为2.39 cm、3.31 kg、2.25 cm,三项指标中以青春期的增长幅度最大,儿童期次之,发育提前。结论 2010年武汉市城乡中小学生体格发育状况较好,乡村中小学生的发育状况与城市相比仍有明显差距,自2000年以来武汉市城乡中小学生的形态发育水平全面增长。

Objective To investigate the current status of physical development among middle school students and pupils in Wuhan in 2010 and its recent 10-year trends,to obtain the data by dynamic analysis,and to provide a basis for formulating health planning strategies related to improving students＇ physical fitness.Methods Students aged 6-18 years selected from 4 urban and rural schools in Wuhan in 2000,2005,and 2010 were served as the research objects.According to Implementation Plan for National Student Physical Health Survey and the National Student Physical Health Standard,the students＇ physical development indicators,including height,weight,and chest circumference were investigated.On the basis of the investigated data,the current status of the students＇ physical development and the recent 10-year trends in Wuhan were analyzed.Results Height,weight,and chest circumference of urban male students of each age group in Wuhan in 2010 were significantly higher than those of rural male students,and the difference was statistically significant.Height,weight,and chest circumference of urban and rural students of most age groups in Wuhan in 2010 were significantly increased as compared with those in 2005 and 2000.The average increments of height,weight,and chest circumference were 1.47 cm and 2.39 cm,2.06 kg and 3.31 kg,0.22 cm and 2.25 cm as compared with those in 2005 and 2000,respectively.The three indicators rose most quickly in adolescent,followed by childhood,which showed an early development.Conclusions Physical development of middle school students and pupils in Wuhan in 2010 is good,but compared with urban students,physical development of rural students still lags behind obviously.Physical development of urban and rural pupils and middle school students in Wuhan has a comprehensive growth since 2000.